Ko Samsung Electronics, i mua i muri i a TSMC o Taiwan i roto i te umanga whakarewa haurua-ira, kei te arotahi inaianei ki te whakapai ake i tana whakataetae hangarau me te tere ake i ana mahi hopu. I mua, nā te iti o ngā reiti hua, i pāngia a Samsung e ngā wero i te whakatinanatanga tuatahi o tana tukanga 3nm matatau, engari i tata nei kua whakapumautia tana hangarau 3nm, ā, kei te mahi ki te whakawhāiti i te āputa me TSMC i roto i ngā tukanga 2nm. E matapaetia ana e ngā tāngata o roto o te umanga, i te mea ka piki haere te kaha o tana tipu hanga wafer i Taylor, Texas, e matapaetia ana ka whai hua te pakihi whakarewa a Samsung mai i te tau 2027, ka tohu i te tīmatanga mana o te whai a Samsung i te TSMC.
Whakawhanuitanga Pūmanawa 2nm
I te 20 o ngā rā, i matapaetia e te kamupene rangahau mākete a Counterpoint Research ka piki ake te kaha o te tukatuka 2nm a Samsung mā te 163%, mai i te 8,000 wafers ia marama i te tau 2024 ki te 21,000 wafers ia marama i te mutunga o te tau e tū mai nei. Ko tēnei whakawhānui kaha e ahu mai ana i te hua pumau o te tukatuka 2nm a Samsung. I tohu a Counterpoint Research: "I te mea ka nui ake ngā kaihoko a Samsung i roto i ngā mara pēnei i te waea pūkoro, te rorohiko nui, me te matauranga horihori, ko ana whanaketanga tukanga 2nm he tino huringa nui. Mena ka haere tonu te whakapai ake i ngā hua, ā, ka pai te haere o te hanga papatipu i te wheketere o Taylor, e matapaetia ana ka tino whakawhāitihia e Samsung te āputa whakataetae me TSMC i roto i te mara tukatuka matatau mō te wā tuatahi i roto i ngā whakatipuranga."
I tēnei wā, e kiia ana kua piki ake te hua o te tukanga 2nm a Samsung ki te 55% ki te 60%. Nā tēnei ahunga whakamua kua kukume mai i te tini o ngā kiritaki nui ki te whakamahi i tana tukanga matatau. I te marama o Hūrae o tēnei tau, i hainatia e Samsung he kirimana $16.5 piriona (tata ki te 24.28 trillion won) me Tesla hei whakaputa i tana maramara AI6 o te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei. Hei tāpiri, kua whiwhi hoki a Samsung i ngā ota mō tana tukatuka tono waea atamai Exynos 2600 (AP) mai i Samsung System LSI, ngā pūoko whakaahua mai i Apple, me ngā ASIC mō te keri moni matihiko mai i ngā kamupene Haina WIFI me Canaan Technology. E matapaetia ana ka whiwhi ota ngā AP a Qualcomm a mua tata nei.
Ko ngā rautaki utu ngāwari e kukume ana i ngā kiritaki
E ai ki ngā raraunga a TrendForce, i te hauwhā tuarua, ko TSMC te rangatira o te mākete whakarewa wafer me te 70.2% o te hea mākete, ko Samsung Electronics ia he 7.3%. I whakawhāitihia tēnei āputa ki te 30 ōrau i te tau 2019, engari kua whānui haere anō mai i taua wā.
Heoi, e whakapono whānuitia ana e te umanga hangarau ka taea e Samsung te whakataetae ki a TSMC i roto i te mara tukatuka 2nm. I whakaurua e Samsung te hangarau Gate-All-Around (GAA) i roto i tana tukanga 3nm, e whakaiti ana i te turuturu o te au, ā, e whakapai ake ana i te mahi me te whai huatanga o te pūngao ki te whakataurite ki ngā hoahoa FinFET tuku iho. I tangohia e Samsung te hangarau GAA mai i tana tukanga 3nm, engari kāore i tīmata te whakamahi a TSMC tae noa ki tana tukanga 2nm. I kī tētahi o roto i te umanga, "I wikitoria a Samsung i ngā wero o te tukanga 3nm, ā, i kohia e ia he wheako nui ki a GAA, ka whakanoho i a ia ki tētahi tūranga tino rerekē ki te whakataurite ki a TSMC, kua tīmata noa nei te tango i tēnei hangarau hou."
I tēnei wā, kei te aro atu a TSMC ki te pikinga o ngā ota mai i ngā kiritaki nui pēnei i a Nvidia me Apple. E whakaatu ana ngā pūrongo kua whakapiki ake a TSMC i te utu o āna wafer 2nm mā te 50% ki te whakataurite ki ngā whakatupuranga o mua. Tērā pea ka whai hua tēnei āhuatanga ki a Samsung, e whakamahi ana i ngā rautaki utu ngāwari hei kukume i ngā kiritaki. Mā te arotahi ki te whiwhi kiritaki tukatuka kanorau me ngā rahinga whakaputa, kua whakaatu te pakihi whakarewa a Samsung i ngā tohu o te whakaoranga. Nō nā tata nei, i toa a Samsung i ngā kirimana whakaputa mai i ngā kamupene tīmatanga haurua-haurua AI o Amerika, a Chabarite (4nm) me Anaphae (28nm), tae atu ki te kamupene tīmatanga Kōrea-ki-te-Tonga, a DeepX (2nm). I kōrero tētahi o roto i te umanga haurua-haurua, "Ko te arotahi a TSMC ki ngā kamupene hangarau nunui pēnei i a Nvidia me Apple ka uaua ki a rātou te whakaae ki ngā ota hou i te mea ka whakapiki ake i ngā utu wafer. Ka hangaia he mākete motuhake ka taea e Samsung te whakamahi."
Whakatutuki i ngā Whāinga Hua
E matapaetia ana e te umanga hangarau ka hoki anō te pakihi whakarewa a Samsung, kua ngaro nei ngā rau piriona tāra i ia hauwhā mō ngā tau, ki te whai hua mai i te tau 2027. Ko te nuinga o tēnei e pā ana ki te pikinga o te kaha i tana tipu i Austin me te hanga papatipu o te maramara AI6 a Tesla i te wheketere o Taylor, mai i te tau 2027.
I roto i tana whakarāpopototanga whiwhinga moni mō te hauwhā tuatoru, i kī a Samsung, "Kua whiwhi mātou i ngā ota rekoata e aro ana ki ngā tukanga matatau, tae atu ki ngā kirimana kiritaki nui mō tā mātou tukanga 2nm. I te mea ka uru atu ngā hua hou e whakamahi ana i tā mātou tukanga 2nm ki te whakaputa papatipu, e tumanako ana mātou ka pai ake te mahi mā te pikinga tonu o te hua me ngā mahi whai hua."
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 10-2025